Journal: Heliyon

Article Title: Erzhi pills reverse PD-L1-mediated immunosuppression in melanoma microenvironment

doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24988

Figure Lengend Snippet: EZP enhanced the killing ability of T cells on melanoma cells. (A) Schematic of experimental design for co-culture experiments of Jurkat and A375 cells. Co-cultures at an effector-to-target (E:T) ratio of 10:1 were incubated for 72 h. (B) Crystal violet staining assay. (C) LDH release was measured by an LDH assay. (D) The secretion of IL-2 was measured in co-culture supernatants. n = 3–4. Data are expressed as mean ± SD. ## P < 0.01 vs DMSO. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01 and *** P < 0.001 vs IFN-γ group. LDH, lactate dehydrogenase assay; IFN-γ, interferon-γ. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Article Snippet: For the crystal violet (CV) staining, cells were fixed with 4 % PFA and stained with 0.1 % CV (C0121, Beyotime, Shanghai, China) for 10 min and washed with distilled H 2 O to removed excessive staining solution.

Techniques: Co-Culture Assay, Incubation, Staining, Lactate Dehydrogenase Assay

Journal: Materials & Design

Article Title: NIR-triggered tea polyphenol-modified gold nanoparticles-loaded hydrogel treats periodontitis by inhibiting bacteria and inducing bone regeneration

doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2022.111487

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fig. 2. The antibacterial properties of E-Au@H were evaluated under in vitro NIR irradiation. (A) Photographs of E. coli and S. aureus bacterial agar plates treated with different conditions. (B, C) Calculation of the number of colonies of different bacterial populations attached to the agar plates. (D) Bacterial biofilm of S. aureus stained with crystalline violet. (E) The absorbance of bacterial biofilms treated with different materials, bar = 200 lm. (F) Scanning electron microscope images, bar = 500 nm. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)

Article Snippet: Different treatment factors were added to the wells and incubation was continued for 24 h. Methanol was fixed and the effect of anti-biofilm was assessed by staining with crystalline violet (CV) (Beyotime, China).

Techniques: In Vitro, Irradiation, Staining, Microscopy